- The leading operating system for PCs, IoT devices, servers and the cloud | Ubuntu #ril
- Ubuntu is an open source software operating system that runs from the desktop, to the cloud, to all your internet connected things 平台有 Cloud??, Server, Containers??, Desktop 與 IoT??。
用 lsb_release -cs
或 lsb_release -a
都可以取得,前者單純取 codename,後者則顯示更多版本相關的資訊。
參考資料:
- Get Docker CE for Ubuntu | Docker Documentation
lsb_release -cs
可以取得 distribution 的名稱;-c, --codename
與-s, --short
。 - Other Version - Repositories/CommandLine - Community Help Wiki 一樣提到用
lsb_release -sc
取得 code name。 man lsb_release
發現-a
可以顯示更多的資訊。
- 沒有安裝不會怎樣;事實上裡面的套件大部份都用不到,需要時再安裝即可。
tasksel --new-install --list-tasks | grep standard
就可以看到 "standard standard system utilities" (加--new-install
才會有),用tasksel --task-package standard
會列出standard
task 內含的套件 (只會列出未安裝的套件?)- 事後可以用
sudo tasksel install standard
安裝。
參考資料:
- What's the consequences if I don't install the "standard system utilities" of Debian? - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/307600/ Matija Nalis: 選擇不裝,日後需要時再安裝 #ril
- 安装debian时的"Standard system utilities"都包括哪些软件包? | 大象的blog http://lexdene.github.io/md-blog/debian/what_does_the_standard_system_task_include.md.html 大多數的套件都用不到,作者選擇先不安裝。
- what's in "standard system utilities" w/ 16.04 server? - Ask Ubuntu https://askubuntu.com/questions/766419/
sudo tasksel --task-package standard
可以看安裝的套件? 為什麼只有ubuntu-advantage-tools
? - apt - Ubuntu server 16.04 - standard system utilities - Ask Ubuntu https://askubuntu.com/questions/820001/ 事後安裝
ubuntu-standard
套件即可;但ubuntu-standard
的說明是 "The Ubuntu standard system"。 - csmojo http://csmojo.com/posts/what-debian-standard-system-utilities-include.html
tasksel --task-packages standard
似乎沒有安裝standard system utilities
時才有效果?
- upgrade - update Ubuntu 16.04.1 to 16.04.3 - Ask Ubuntu
- gorbedani: 如何從 16.04.1 昇級到 16.04.3? 做了
apt update
、upgrade
跟dist-upgrade
都沒有用,uname -a
的輸出還是Linux lawyer 4.10.0-35-generic #39~16.04.1-Ubuntu ...
。 - gertvdijk: Kernel build string 並不會指出 "state of the packages your system has installed",要用
lsb_release
看。
- gorbedani: 如何從 16.04.1 昇級到 16.04.3? 做了
- Point Release upgrade from 14.04.1 to 14.04.2? - Ask Ubuntu #ril
- [ubuntu] No upgrade from LTS 16.04.2 to LTS 16.04.3 #ril
-
Ubuntu 官方為不同 release 提供有不同 "最小安裝" 的 image,並以 code name 做為tag:
- 19.04 --
ubuntu:disco
,ubuntu:rolling
- 18.10 --
ubuntu:cosmic
- 18.04 LTS --
ubuntu:bionic
,ubuntu:latest
- 16.04 LTS --
ubuntu:xenial
- 14:04 LTS --
ubuntu:trusty
注意
ubuntu:latest
並非指向最新的 19.04,是因為latest
tag 會指向最新的 LTS,最新版則用rolling
tag 來表示。 - 19.04 --
參考資料:
-
Backup, restore, or migrate data volumes - Use volumes | Docker Documentation 大量用
ubuntu
image 說明。 -
Supported tags and respective Dockerfile links 不同的 release 有不同的 tag
- 18.04, bionic-20190424, bionic, latest (bionic/Dockerfile)
- 18.10, cosmic-20190418, cosmic (cosmic/Dockerfile)
- 19.04, disco-20190423, disco, rolling (disco/Dockerfile)
- 14.04, trusty-20190425, trusty (trusty/Dockerfile)
- 16.04, xenial-20190425, xenial (xenial/Dockerfile)
What's in this image?
-
This image is built from OFFICIAL ROOTFS TARBALLS provided by Canonical (specifically, https://partner-images.canonical.com/core/).
-
The
ubuntu:latest
tag points to the "latest LTS", since that's the version RECOMMENDED FOR GENERAL USE. Theubuntu:rolling
tag points to the latest release (regardless of LTS status).注意
latest
跟一般認知不同,這裡指的是 latest LTS,至於真的最新版,則要改用rolling
tag。
Locales
-
Given that it is a MINIMAL INSTALL of Ubuntu, this image only includes the
C
,C.UTF-8
, andPOSIX
locales by default. For most uses requiring aUTF-8
locale,C.UTF-8
is LIKELY SUFFICIENT (-e LANG=C.UTF-8
orENV LANG C.UTF-8
).For uses where that is not sufficient, other locales can be installed/generated via the
locales
package. PostgreSQL has a good example of doing so, copied below:RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y locales && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \ && localedef -i en_US -c -f UTF-8 -A /usr/share/locale/locale.alias en_US.UTF-8 ENV LANG en_US.utf8
更多:
手冊:
- Releases - Ubuntu Wiki version - code name - release date - EOL date 的對照
- Ubuntu Packages Search 查詢不同 Ubuntu 版本 package manager 裡包裝的版本
- Ubuntu Manpage